
While COVID-19 vaccines have proven to be effective in reducing the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and death, there have been reports of fully vaccinated individuals being hospitalized with breakthrough COVID-19 infections. Data from various sources, including the CDC, KFF, and local health authorities, provide insights into the characteristics and demographics of fully vaccinated individuals who are hospitalized with COVID-19. These reports indicate that breakthrough hospitalizations among the fully vaccinated occur more frequently in older adults and individuals with underlying health conditions. However, it's important to note that the risk of hospitalization is still lower for vaccinated individuals, and unvaccinated individuals continue to represent a significant proportion of COVID-19 hospitalizations.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Age Group | 69% of fully vaccinated people hospitalized with COVID-19 were 65 and older, 21% were between 50 and 64, and 10% were younger adults |
| Chronic Conditions | Hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
| Hospital Stay Duration | Shorter than those who were unvaccinated or partially vaccinated |
| Less Likely Complications | Viral pneumonia, respiratory failure, ventilator or dexamethasone treatment |
| Data Source | KFF and Epic Research, CDC |
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What You'll Learn

COVID-19 hospitalizations among older adults
COVID-19-related hospitalizations continue to be a significant concern for older adults, particularly those aged 65 and above. Data from the CDC's COVID-19 Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) reveals that between May 2020 and April 2021, over 3.5 million hospitalizations related to COVID-19 were reported, with the highest incidence in individuals aged 85 and older.
While vaccination has proven effective in reducing the severity of COVID-19 infections, "breakthrough" hospitalizations among fully vaccinated individuals have been observed, particularly in older adults. From June to September of 2021, data showed that 69% of these breakthrough hospitalizations occurred in people aged 65 and older, while 21% were in the 50-64 age group. These hospitalized vaccinated individuals were found to have shorter hospital stays compared to their unvaccinated counterparts, indicating a reduced severity of illness.
The importance of vaccination is further emphasized by the fact that unvaccinated individuals accounted for the majority of COVID-19 hospitalizations in the older adult population. From October 2023 to April 2024, 88% of hospitalized adults with COVID-19 had not received the 2023-2024 vaccine. This highlights the ongoing need to encourage vaccination among older adults to reduce their risk of severe illness and hospitalization.
To address this, the CDC and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) have recommended that all individuals aged 6 months and older receive a 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine, with specific emphasis on those aged 65 and above. This updated vaccine targets the Omicron JN.1 and its derived sublineages, providing enhanced protection against the currently circulating strains. VE estimates against COVID-19-associated hospitalization in adults aged 65 and above range from 40% to 46% during the first 7-119 days after vaccination, underscoring the value of staying up to date with vaccinations.
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Shorter hospital stays for fully vaccinated
While COVID-19 vaccinations have proven to be effective in preventing severe illness, some fully vaccinated individuals may still require hospitalisation due to breakthrough infections. However, studies have shown that fully vaccinated patients tend to have shorter hospital stays compared to their unvaccinated counterparts.
A study by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health found that fully vaccinated individuals had shorter hospital stays and a lower risk of needing intensive care treatment. This reinforces the understanding that coronavirus vaccines provide excellent protection against severe disease progression, even if they don't offer complete immunity from transmission or illness.
Another study examining hospital stays and intensive care admission risks for COVID-19 patients in Norway from February to September 2021 supports this conclusion. It compared partially and fully vaccinated patients with unvaccinated patients and found that vaccinated individuals experienced shorter and less severe illnesses, despite an increasing number of vaccinated people being hospitalised as more people in Norway got vaccinated.
Data from the Peterson-KFF Health System Tracker in the United States further validates these findings. It revealed that fully vaccinated patients aged 65 and above had a median hospital stay of 5.6 days, compared to 6.7 days for unvaccinated patients in the same age group. Similarly, among patients aged 18-79, vaccinated individuals had shorter hospital stays and were less likely to be admitted to intensive care units.
While the reasons behind the shorter hospital stays for fully vaccinated individuals are not yet fully understood, it is speculated that vaccinated patients are more likely to be hospitalised primarily for reasons other than COVID-19. They are less likely to experience COVID-related complications such as viral pneumonia or respiratory failure, and consequently, their hospital stays tend to be shorter.
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Vaccinated patients with other ailments
While COVID-19 vaccines have proven to be effective, there are still some cases of vaccinated individuals being hospitalized. These hospitalizations, referred to as "breakthrough hospitalizations," are more common among older adults and those with other chronic health conditions.
Data suggests that a small share of hospital admissions for COVID-19 involves people who are fully vaccinated. For instance, an analysis of data from June to September 2021 revealed that only 15% of hospitalizations during that period were among fully vaccinated individuals. Similarly, data from South Carolina showed that between July 16 and August 15, 2021, 71.6% of hospitalized cases were considered not fully vaccinated.
However, it is important to note that the risk of severe illness and hospitalization is significantly reduced for those who are fully vaccinated. Vaccinated individuals who are hospitalized with COVID-19 are less likely to experience severe complications and tend to have shorter hospital stays compared to their unvaccinated counterparts.
That being said, there are certain factors that may contribute to the hospitalization of vaccinated individuals. Firstly, older adults and people with certain conditions may have weakened immune systems, and the vaccines may offer less protection for this group. Secondly, the decline in immunity over time may be a factor, especially for older adults who were among the first to receive the vaccines. Lastly, it is important to consider that hospitalizations may be related to other ailments, and COVID-19 infection could be incidental in some cases.
In conclusion, while COVID-19 vaccines provide significant protection against severe illness and hospitalization, there are still cases of breakthrough hospitalizations, particularly among older adults and those with chronic health conditions. However, these hospitalizations may be primarily due to reasons other than COVID-19, and vaccinated individuals generally experience less severe illness and shorter hospital stays.
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Unvaccinated individuals blamed for rising hospitalizations
As COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations hit record rates in Florida, Governor Ron DeSantis criticized those who publicly blamed unvaccinated people who ended up hospitalized. DeSantis' comments come amid media critiques that his administration isn't doing enough to promote the vaccine among resistant individuals. Federal data showed that only 61% of eligible individuals in Florida had received at least one COVID-19 shot. Dr. Anthony Fauci and others blamed unvaccinated individuals for "propagating" the highly contagious Delta variant.
Despite DeSantis' comments, data shows that most individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 are unvaccinated. Vaccines have been free and widely available for months, and they are safe and effective in preventing severe disease, hospitalizations, and mortality. The CDC recommends that most adults ages 18 and older get vaccinated, especially those who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or may become pregnant.
While breakthrough hospitalizations involving COVID-19 among fully vaccinated individuals do occur, they most often affect older adults and people with other chronic health conditions. Fully vaccinated people hospitalized with breakthrough COVID-19 are less likely to have severe complications or extended hospital stays compared to those who are unvaccinated.
The focus should be on encouraging vaccination and providing accurate information to the public. Blaming unvaccinated individuals who are hospitalized is not constructive and ignores the complex factors contributing to hospitalization rates. It is important to recognize that personal stories and circumstances vary, and some individuals may have valid reasons for not being vaccinated.
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Breakthrough hospitalizations in fully vaccinated
COVID-19 vaccinations have been proven to be effective in reducing the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and death. However, there have been rare cases of breakthrough hospitalizations among fully vaccinated individuals. These occurrences are typically associated with specific factors, such as age and underlying health conditions.
Data from June to September 2021 analyzed over 120,000 hospitalizations with a COVID-19 diagnosis. During this period, only 15% of hospital admissions for COVID-19 involved fully vaccinated individuals. This highlights the effectiveness of the vaccines in preventing severe disease.
Among those hospitalized with breakthrough COVID-19 infections, older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions were the most prevalent. Specifically, more than two-thirds (69%) of breakthrough hospitalizations occurred in people aged 65 and older. This age group is more likely to have received vaccination, contributing to the higher proportion of breakthrough cases. Additionally, 21% of breakthrough hospitalizations occurred in individuals aged 50 to 64, while only 10% occurred in younger adults.
It is important to note that fully vaccinated individuals who experience breakthrough hospitalizations tend to have shorter hospital stays compared to their unvaccinated or partially vaccinated counterparts. This suggests that their hospitalizations may be primarily driven by reasons other than COVID-19. Furthermore, vaccinated individuals are less likely to experience severe COVID-19 complications, such as viral pneumonia or respiratory failure, and require less ventilator or dexamethasone treatment.
While the COVID-19 vaccines provide significant protection, the CDC recommends that older adults and individuals with certain comorbidities receive a third dose or a booster shot to enhance their immunity and further reduce the risk of severe illness.
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Frequently asked questions
Data from Ontario, Canada, revealed that there were 2,035 fully vaccinated individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 (excluding those in the ICU), compared to 686 unvaccinated individuals. In South Carolina, 83 out of 92 hospitalized cases were of patients who were not fully vaccinated. Similarly, data from June to September 2021 showed that 15% of hospital admissions for COVID-19 involved people who were fully vaccinated.
Fully vaccinated people hospitalized with COVID-19 are less likely to have COVID-related complications than those who are unvaccinated. This suggests that they may be in the hospital primarily for reasons other than COVID-19. However, it is still unclear why certain vaccinated people end up in the hospital with COVID-19.
COVID-19 hospitalizations among people who are not fully vaccinated tend to be younger, with 30% involving patients aged 50-64 and 41% involving patients under 50. Unvaccinated and partially vaccinated people hospitalized with COVID-19 are more likely to be younger adults. However, data from Ontario, Canada and some hospitals around the world show that most COVID-positive patients are those who are fully vaccinated.


































