Hailey Tran
When citing a hospital in APA format, it is important to distinguish between internal and web-based documents. If the document is limited to the hospital's intranet, it should be cited as a personal communication, with only an in-text citation and no reference citation. On the other hand, if the document is accessible outside the hospital, it can be cited like any other web-based organisational document. For example, Name of Organisation or Author. (Date). Title. URL.
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What You'll Learn
Citing hospital documents on an intranet
When citing hospital documents on an intranet in APA format, there are a few guidelines to follow. Firstly, if the document is limited to the hospital's intranet and inaccessible to those outside the organization, it should be cited as a personal communication with in-text citations only and no reference citation. For example:
> (University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, personal communication, October 22, 2019)
If the document can be accessed by someone outside the hospital, such as on a public website, it can be cited like any other web-based organizational document. The format is as follows:
> Name of Organization or Author. (Date). Title. URL
For example:
> NSW Ministry of Health. (2022). Protecting people and property: NSW Health policy and standards for security risk management in NSW Health agencies. www.health.nsw.gov.au/policies/manuals/Pages/protecting-people-property.aspx
When citing internal documents, it is important to note that they may be confidential. In such cases, it is necessary to anonymize the author or organization's name, for example, "Hospital A." If the date is unknown, "n.d." can be used in its place.
Additionally, when writing for an audience that can access the intranet site where your source is posted, cite the intranet login page. For example:
> Braun, C., & Ball, L. (2003, May 27). Falls: Assisting the patient who is falling while standing/ambulating (Rev. ed.). Providence Health Care. https://www.providencehealthcare.org/user
By following these guidelines, you can appropriately cite hospital documents on an intranet using APA format, ensuring proper credit and accessibility for your sources.
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Citing a hospital website
Understanding the Format:
The basic format for citing a hospital website in APA style is as follows:
Author or Organization Name. *(Publication Date).* Title [Format description (optional)].
Here's what each element in the citation means:
- Author or Organization Name: This refers to the name of the hospital or the specific department/unit within the hospital responsible for the webpage.
- Publication Date: This is the date the webpage was published or last updated. It is usually found at the bottom or top of the webpage. If no date is provided, use "n.d." to indicate "no date."
- Title: This is the title or name of the webpage or document. It should be italicized.
- [Format description (optional)]: This is an optional element. It refers to any additional information about the format of the webpage or document, such as " [PDF]" or " [Video]."
- URL: This is the web address of the hospital webpage. Include as much of the URL as needed to ensure a working link.
Examples for Hospital Websites:
Now, let's apply this format to some examples specifically for hospital websites:
- University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics. (2018). Infection control procedures. https://www.uihc.org/xxxx
- In this example, the hospital name is the author, and the publication date is 2018. The title of the webpage is "Infection Control Procedures."
- Providence Health Care, Provincial Health Services Authority, & Vancouver Coastal Health. (2020, June 19). Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) and hand irrigation for clot retention of indwelling urinary catheters, procedure (adult) (BD-00-12-40111) [PDF]. http://shop.healthcarebc.ca/PHCVCHDSTs/BD-00-12-40111.pdf
- In this example, there are multiple organizations (Providence Health Care, Provincial Health Services Authority, and Vancouver Coastal Health) working together, so they are all included and separated by commas. The publication date is June 19, 2020, and the title of the document is rather long and specific. Note that the format description " [PDF]" is included at the end of the title.
In-Text Citations:
When referring to a hospital website within the text of your paper, you can use an in-text citation. Here's an example:
According to the University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics (2018), infection control procedures are crucial in maintaining patient safety ... (University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, 2018).
In this example, the hospital name is used in the narrative sentence, so only the publication date is included in the parentheses.
Remember to always check the APA guidelines or consult the APA Style Blog for the most up-to-date and comprehensive information on citing hospital websites or any other specific sources.
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Citing a hospital report
Elements and Format:
The basic format for citing a hospital report in APA style includes the following elements:
- Author: Start with the name of the author or authoring organization. For a hospital report, the author could be the name of the hospital, a specific department or unit within the hospital, or a combination of multiple hospitals or healthcare organizations.
- Date: Include the year of publication or, if it's unknown, use "n.d." to indicate that the date is not available.
- Title of the Report: Provide the full title of the hospital report, capitalizing the first letter of each major word.
- Report Number (if available): If the hospital report has a designated report number, include it in your citation.
- Publisher or Source: Mention the publisher or source of the report, which could be the name of the hospital, a government agency, or a healthcare organization.
- URL (for online reports): If you accessed the hospital report online, include the URL or web address to provide the exact location of the report.
Examples:
Now, let's look at some examples of citing hospital reports in APA style:
Basic Hospital Report Citation:
- Providence Health Care, Provincial Health Services Authority, & Vancouver Coastal Health. (2020, June 19). Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) and hand irrigation for clot retention of indwelling urinary catheters, procedure (adult) (BD-00-12-40111). http://shop.healthcarebc.ca/PHCVCHDSTs/BD-00-12-40111.pdf
- In-text citation: (Providence Health Care et al., 2020)
Government Authored Hospital Report:
- Veterans Health Administration. (2013). National Veteran Health Equity Report: FY2013. https://www.va.gov/healthequity/NVHER.asp
- In-text citation: (Veterans Health Administration, 2013)
Hospital Report with Designated Number:
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2018). 2017 National healthcare quality and disparities report (Report No. 18-0033-EF). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
- In-text citation: (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2018)
Hospital Report with URL:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017, April 6). Health in all policies. https://www.cdc.gov/policy/hiap/index.html
- In-text citation: (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017)
Remember to include all the relevant elements and follow the specific formatting guidelines provided by the APA style guide to ensure your citations are accurate and consistent.
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Citing a hospital bill
When it comes to citing a hospital bill in APA format, there are a few guidelines and examples to follow, although it is important to note that APA does not specialize in legal citations. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to cite a hospital bill in APA format:
Identify the Source Type
First, it is important to understand that a hospital bill is typically an internal document from a healthcare organization or hospital. If the hospital bill is confidential and accessible only within the organization, you may need to anonymize the organization's name, referring to it as "Hospital A," for example.
Basic Structure
The basic structure for citing a hospital bill follows the format for organizational documents. It includes the name of the organization or author, the date, the title, and the URL if it is available online and accessible by those outside the organization:
Organization or Author. (Date). Title (Bill). URL
For example:
Mercy Hospital. (2023). Patient Admission and Billing Statement (Bill). www.mercyhospital.com/billing
Missing Information
If certain pieces of information are missing, such as the date, use "n.d." in its place. For example:
Mercy Hospital. (n.d.). Patient Admission and Billing Statement (Bill). www.mercyhospital.com/billing
Legal Considerations
If the hospital bill has legal implications or is related to a public law or statute, you may need to adapt your citation accordingly. APA recommends consulting the Bluebook for legal citations. In this case, you may include additional information such as the bill or resolution number and the congressional details:
For example:
Healthcare Reform Act, S. 1234, 115th Cong. (2023).
In conclusion, citing a hospital bill in APA format involves treating it as an organizational document, with specific considerations for internal or confidential documents. In cases where the bill has legal implications, additional adjustments to the citation format may be necessary.
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Citing a hospital email
When citing a hospital email in APA format, there are a few guidelines to follow. Firstly, if the email is accessible only within the hospital's intranet, it should be cited as a personal communication. This means that you would include only an in-text citation and no reference citation. Here's an example:
>(Hospital Name, personal communication, date)
For example:
>University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, personal communication, October 22, 2019
If the email is accessible outside the hospital, it can be cited like any other organisational document found on the web. In this case, you would include both in-text citations and a reference citation. Here's an example of the format:
>Name of Hospital. (Date). Subject of Email. Email.
For example:
>Massachusetts General Hospital. (2023, January 15). Patient Care Updates. Email.
When using in-text citations, include the author's last name, date, and page number for quotes (if applicable) in parentheses. For example:
>According to the email from Massachusetts General Hospital (2023)...
Remember to always replace any missing reference information with "n.d." if the date is unknown.
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Frequently asked questions
If the website is accessible to someone outside the hospital, cite it as you would any other organizational website. For example:
> Name of Hospital. (Date). Title. URL
Cite this as a personal communication, with in-text citation only and no reference citation. For example:
> (Hospital Name, personal communication, date)
Cite this as a technical report. For example:
> Physician, I. (Year, Month date). Exam. City: Facility.
