Logan Reid
Pregnancy and childbirth are life-changing events that can be both exciting and stressful. While it is impossible to predict exactly how labour will go, understanding the process and being prepared can help expectant mothers feel more confident. A normal delivery, also known as a vaginal birth, is a natural process that does not involve any surgical procedures. It is important for both the mother and the baby to be healthy and safe during labour and delivery, and there are several things mothers can do to prepare for a normal delivery, including staying well-hydrated, eating a nutritious diet, and exercising appropriately.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Definition | A "normal" delivery is one in which no surgical procedure is involved. It is a vaginal birth, whether it’s assisted or induced. |
| Benefits | A "normal" delivery stimulates lactation and is better for both the mother and the child. |
| Pre-delivery | Mothers-to-be must be up-to-date with the respective stages of labor. |
| Hospital stay | The length of your hospital stay depends on the hospital and the type of delivery you have. Typically, you’ll stay in the hospital longer if you have a C-section because it’s a surgical procedure. |
| Labor stages | There are three stages of labor. The whole process starts with regular contractions and ends with the delivery of the placenta. The first stage of labor is usually the longest. |
| First stage of labor | It begins with regular contractions and ends with full dilation (opening) and effacement (thinning) of your cervix. |
| Second stage of labor | It begins with complete cervical dilation (10 centimeters) and ends with the delivery of the baby. |
| Postpartum | The hospital will supply you with a gown, slippers, disposable underwear, and basic toiletries. |
| Nutrition | Include foods that are high in iron, such as tofu, broccoli, spinach, and beef. Reduce your overall sugar intake. Take prenatal vitamins to make sure your body is getting extra nutrients. Drink 8 to 12 glasses of water each day. |
| Exercise | Exercise is important to increase your stamina and keep your muscles supple to let you bear the pain of labor. Strong thigh and pelvic muscles assist during labor and birthing. |
| Stress management | Managing your stress throughout your pregnancy can help you stay healthy and have a better outcome during labor and childbirth. |
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What You'll Learn
What to pack for the hospital
Packing for the hospital when preparing for a normal delivery can be overwhelming, but having a well-packed hospital bag can bring peace of mind when the big day comes. It is recommended to start packing around 35-38 weeks into your pregnancy, and to have the bag ready by 38 weeks. The hospital bag can be thought of as three separate bags: one for the labouring parent, one for the partner or support person, and one for the baby.
For the labouring parent:
- Photo identification and insurance card
- Phone and charger
- Personal toiletries (some hospitals will provide these, but you may prefer your own)
- Comfortable clothes for sleeping (hospital gowns are provided, but you may prefer your own)
- Back massage aids (e.g. a tennis ball or hand-held massager)
- Personal entertainment (e.g. a laptop/tablet, books, magazines, a journal)
- Nursing essentials
- Comfortable underwear that provides abdominal support
- Any important documents, such as your birth plan
- Snacks
For the partner or support person:
- A change of clothes
- Toiletries
- Snacks
- Phone and charger
For the baby:
- Onesies in multiple sizes (it can be hard to know how big or small the baby will be)
- Swaddles
- A going-home outfit
- A hat (optional, but could be nice for the baby's first photo)
It is also worth asking your hospital what they provide for new mothers, so you can plan what to pack accordingly.
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How to prepare for labour
Preparing for labour can be a stressful and uncertain time, but there are many things you can do to get ready for the birth of your baby. Firstly, it is important to be informed about the process of labour and delivery. Knowing what to expect can help you feel more prepared, but it is also important to remember that every labour and birth experience is unique.
Staying healthy during pregnancy will help you during labour and delivery, so be sure to follow your doctor's directions and take care of yourself. Eat a healthy, balanced diet with plenty of vitamins and antioxidants. Include dark, leafy greens, kale, spinach, broccoli, blueberries, papaya, citrus fruits, and iron-rich foods such as tofu, beef, and spinach. Reduce your sugar intake and limit caffeine, as it can cause you to urinate more often. Drink plenty of water—the American Pregnancy Association recommends 8 to 12 glasses per day. Exercise is also important, as it increases your stamina and keeps your muscles supple, helping you to manage the pain of labour.
Maternal stress is associated with preterm birth and low birth weight, so it is important to manage your stress levels. Avoid negative situations, and surround yourself with kind and friendly people. Ensure your healthcare provider knows your preferences for delivery, and discuss their views and rates of normal birthing versus C-sections.
Finally, remember to pack your hospital bag in advance. The hospital will provide basic supplies, but you may want to bring your own clothes, a going-home outfit for your baby, a receiving blanket, and warm clothing.
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Understanding the stages of labour
The first stage of labour begins with regular contractions, which cause the cervix to dilate and efface (thin). This stage ends when the cervix is fully dilated to 10 cm. It is typically the longest stage, and you may find it helpful to do gentle stretches, move around, change positions, practice deep breathing, or take a warm bath or shower. It is important to stay hydrated and well-rested during this stage, and pain relief can be offered if needed.
The second stage of labour begins with complete cervical dilation and ends with the delivery of your baby. During this stage, you will be at the birthing centre, and it is important to have a support person with you, such as a family member or friend.
The third stage of labour ends with the delivery of the placenta. Some experts consider the two to three hours after the delivery of the placenta to be a fourth stage of labour, as this is when you may begin to bond with your new baby, and healthcare providers will monitor you for any abnormal bleeding.
Each labour is unique, and it is important to remember that the stages of labour may vary. It is normal to feel a range of emotions during this significant event, and your healthcare providers will guide you through the process to ensure a healthy labour and delivery.
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Pain management options
There are two general ways to relieve pain during labour and delivery: using medications and "natural" methods (no medications). It is recommended that you try non-medical options first and only use pain medication if that doesn't work. Natural pain management options include breathing techniques, massage, and movement, such as swaying.
If you opt for medication, you should not feel pressured to choose a particular option by your partner, friends, family members, or healthcare professional. It is also okay to change your mind about which pain medication to use. The use of pain medications does not make your labour "less natural", and it also does not increase the likelihood of a Caesarean birth. Pain relief medications can help you better cope with labour and delivery.
Nitrous oxide, commonly known as "laughing gas", is a tasteless and odourless gas used as a labour analgesic by some hospitals. It reduces anxiety and increases a feeling of well-being so that pain is easier to deal with. It does not numb the pain. Nitrous oxide is safe for both mother and baby, although the mother may feel dizzy or nauseous while inhaling it.
An epidural block, or simply "epidural", is the most common type of pain relief used for childbirth in the United States. It involves administering medication through a tube placed in the lower back. For labour and vaginal delivery, a combination of analgesics and anaesthetics may be used. The mother will have some loss of feeling in the lower areas of their body but will remain awake and alert. An epidural may be given soon after contractions start or later as labour progresses.
Local anaesthesia is used when an episiotomy needs to be done or when tissues need to be repaired after childbirth. It rarely affects the baby. Regional analgesia and regional anaesthesia act on a specific region of the body. During labour and delivery, they are used to lessen or block pain below the waist. These methods include the epidural block, spinal block, and combined spinal-epidural (CSE) block.
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Postpartum care
Postpartum refers to the period of six to eight weeks after childbirth, or until your body returns to its pre-pregnancy state. This period is a time for rest and recovery, both physically and emotionally. It is common to experience loose skin and stretch marks, as well as anxiety about weight gain. Focus on eating nutritious foods and taking care of yourself. Remember, your body has just undergone significant changes and challenges.
During postpartum, it is important to be aware of potential health conditions that can arise. Your healthcare team will monitor you in the hours and days following birth to watch for any severe conditions. Some symptoms are normal, while others may indicate a problem. Postpartum depression and anxiety are common, and treatment can involve medication or behavioural therapy.
In the hospital, most women will remain under observation for about 24 hours after vaginal delivery. This time is crucial for rest, bonding with your baby, and learning about newborn care. Your baby will likely be placed on your chest to facilitate skin-to-skin contact and optimal bonding. If you plan to breastfeed, your baby will likely try to latch on during this time.
While the hospital will provide basic necessities like gowns, slippers, and disposable underwear, you may want to bring your own clothes for comfort. However, keep in mind that labour and the postpartum period can be messy, so you may not want to wear your favourite outfits. It is recommended to pack these items ahead of time, as the arrival of your baby can be hectic.
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Frequently asked questions
A "normal" delivery is a vaginal birth, where no surgical procedure is involved. It is a natural process that stimulates lactation and is better for both the mother and the child.
To prepare for a "normal" delivery, it is important to stay healthy and hydrated throughout your pregnancy. You should also be aware of the different stages of labour and delivery, and be ready to go to the hospital when active labour begins. During the first stage of labour, it can help to do gentle stretches, move around, and practice deep breathing.
The hospital will provide you with a gown, slippers, disposable underwear, and basic toiletries. However, you may want to bring your own clothes, although be aware that labour and the first few days postpartum can be messy. It is also important to bring the contact information of your healthcare provider so that the hospital can notify them of your baby's arrival.
