Claire Dawson
Tata Memorial Hospital, now known as Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), is a cancer institute in Parel, Mumbai. It was founded by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust in 1941 after Dorabji's wife, Meherbai, passed away from leukaemia. The hospital was taken over by the Indian government's Ministry of Health in 1957 and transferred to the Department of Atomic Energy in 1962. In 1966, it was merged with the Indian Cancer Research Institute and renamed Tata Memorial Centre. TMC is a comprehensive centre for cancer prevention, treatment, and research, with a focus on patient care and multidisciplinary team management. It has several collaborations with other cancer centres across India and is recognised as a training centre for cancer education and research by organisations such as WHO and UICC. While there is only one TMC in India, it has collaborations with many cancer centres across the country, and TMC treats about one-third of cancer patients in India.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of Tata Memorial Hospitals in India | 1 |
| Name | Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) |
| Other Names | Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Hospital and Centre |
| Location | Parel, Mumbai |
| Year Established | 1941 |
| Founder | Sir Dorabji Tata Trust |
| Current Administrator | Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India |
| Number of Beds | 620 in-patient beds |
| Number of Patients Treated Daily | 140 |
| Percentage of Patients Treated for Free | 60% |
| Number of Cancer Institutes Under the TMC Umbrella | At least 10 |
| Number of TMC Patient Admissions Annually | 60,000 |
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What You'll Learn
Tata Memorial Hospital's history
The Tata Memorial Hospital was initially commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust on 28 February 1941. The death of Dorabji's wife, Meherbai, due to leukaemia, inspired him to create a centre dedicated to researching the disease. However, Dorabji died before his vision could be realised. It was his successor, Nowroji Saklatwala, who began the endeavour, but it was the support of JRD Tata that finally saw the Tata Memorial Hospital open in Parel, Mumbai, in 1941. The hospital was placed under the control of the Indian government's Ministry of Health in 1957. In 1962, the Tata Memorial Hospital began operating under the government's Department of Atomic Energy, and in 1966, it was merged with the Indian Cancer Research Institute and renamed the Tata Memorial Centre (TMC).
The TMC is an autonomous grant-in-aid institution administered under the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. The TMC umbrella includes at least 10 cancer institutes across India, with the largest and most central hub being the Tata Memorial Hospital in Parel, Mumbai. The Tata Memorial Hospital is India's oldest and largest cancer institute, treating about one-third of the country's cancer patients. It is also a post-graduate teaching centre affiliated with the Homi Bhabha National University. Every year, about 80 post-graduate students register with the centre to pursue master's or doctorate courses. The centre also lays a lot of emphasis on education in the field of cancer, with over 250 students, medical professionals, scientists, and technicians undergoing training at the hospital.
The TMC has pioneered several advancements in cancer treatment and research in India. These include the country's first linear accelerator for radiation therapy in 1978, bone marrow transplants in 1983, a tissue bank in 1988, PET/CT in 2004, and the first proton therapy unit in a government setup in 2023. Additionally, the TMC has spearheaded the CAR-T cell trial, leading to the approval of indigenous CAR-T cell therapy in India. The centre prioritises Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) management through disease-specific groups to ensure quality patient care. TMC focuses on evidence-based cancer management and offers different payment categories to accommodate patients from diverse economic backgrounds.
The Tata Memorial Centre is a recognised training centre for cancer education and research by national and international organisations such as WHO, IAEA, and UICC. It is also a part of the National Cancer Grid, a network of major cancer centres, research institutes, patient groups, and charitable institutions across India. The NCG aims to establish uniform standards of patient care, provide specialised training, and facilitate collaborative research in cancer.
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Tata Memorial Centre's cancer treatment
The Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) is an autonomous grant-in-aid institution administered under the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. The TMC umbrella includes at least 10 cancer institutes across India, with the largest and most central hub being the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH) in Parel, Mumbai. TMH is India's oldest and largest cancer institute.
TMH was initially commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust on 28 February 1941, following the death of Dorabji's wife, Meherbai, due to leukaemia. The hospital was created to research the disease and advance learning, research, disaster relief, and other philanthropic activities. In 1952, the Indian Cancer Research Centre was established as a basic research institute, later called the Cancer Research Institute (CRI). The Ministry of Health took over TMH in 1957, and in 1962, administrative control of TMH and CRI was transferred to the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). In 1966, these two arms merged to form the Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), with a mandate for service, education, and research in cancer.
TMC has pioneered several advancements in cancer treatment in India. These include the country's first linear accelerator for radiation therapy in 1978, bone marrow transplants in 1983, a tissue bank in 1988, PET/CT in 2004, and the first proton therapy unit in a government setup in 2023. TMC has also led the CAR-T cell trial, resulting in the approval of indigenous CAR-T cell therapy in India. Additionally, TMC has conducted large randomized controlled trials focusing on the effectiveness of low-cost technologies for the early detection of breast and cervical cancers in women.
TMC's patient-centric approach is demonstrated by its commitment to cancer management, prevention, screening, and early detection. Notably, cancer management continued even during the COVID lockdown, with nearly 500 cancer patients receiving successful treatment. TMC offers a cross-subsidization model, where extremely poor patients are treated at a nominal cost, and approximately 60% of patients receive free or highly subsidized treatments. TMC prioritizes Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) management through disease-specific groups, ensuring that all patients are treated by a collaborative team of surgical, medical, and radiation oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, and other relevant specialists. TMC is equipped with advanced facilities, including robotic surgery, 24-hour chemotherapy units, the latest diagnostic modalities (including 24-hour CT and MRI scanners), bone marrow transplants, and CAR-T cell therapy.
The Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), inaugurated in 2002, is the state-of-the-art R&D wing of TMC, located in Kharghar, Navi Mumbai. ACTREC houses the CRI and is dedicated to cancer research and education, contributing to the advancement of cancer treatment and patient care in India.
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Tata Memorial Centre's cancer research
The Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) is an autonomous grant-in-aid institution administered under the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. The TMC umbrella includes at least 10 cancer institutes across India, with the largest and most central hub being the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH) in Parel, Mumbai. TMH is India's oldest and largest cancer institute.
TMH was initially commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust on 28 February 1941 to advance learning and research, provide disaster relief, and engage in other philanthropic activities. The death of Dorabji's wife, Meherbai, from leukaemia, spurred him to create a centre dedicated to researching the disease. In 1952, the Indian Cancer Research Centre was established as a research institute for basic research and was later renamed the Cancer Research Institute (CRI). The Ministry of Health took over TMH in 1957, and administrative control of both TMH and CRI was transferred to the Department of Atomic Energy in 1962. These two arms merged to form the TMC in 1966, with a mandate for service, education, and research in cancer.
TMC has pioneered several breakthroughs in cancer treatment in India, including the country's first linear accelerator for radiation therapy in 1978, bone marrow transplants in 1983, a tissue bank in 1988, PET/CT in 2004, and the first proton therapy unit in a government setup (and the second overall) in 2023. TMC has also led the CAR-T cell trial, resulting in the approval of indigenous CAR-T cell therapy in India.
The centre focuses on evidence-based cancer management and prevention, screening, and early detection. TMC has conducted large randomized controlled trials to assess the effectiveness of low-cost technologies for the early detection of breast and cervical cancers in women. These trials have led to the development of evidence-based guidelines that have strengthened national cancer control policies in India and have been adopted by other low and middle-income countries.
TMC's cancer management approach includes a multidisciplinary team (MDT) management model, where dedicated disease management groups for various cancers ensure that all team members, including surgical, medical, and radiation oncologists, radiologists, and pathologists, are aligned. TMC also offers different payment classes, including 'general' and 'private', with the same set of doctors and infrastructure treating patients from both categories. Extremely poor patients are treated at a nominal cost under the 'NC' category. This cross-subsidization model has been successful, with over a million patient footfalls and about 60,000 admissions annually from diverse regions.
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Tata Memorial Centre's cancer prevention
The Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) is an autonomous grant-in-aid institution administered under the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. The TMC umbrella includes at least 10 cancer institutes across India, with the largest and oldest being the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH) in Parel, Mumbai.
TMH was initially commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust in 1941 following the death of Dorabji's wife, Meherbai, due to leukemia. The centre is dedicated to the advancement of learning and research, disaster relief, and other philanthropic activities. The Indian Cancer Research Centre was established in 1952 and later renamed the Cancer Research Institute (CRI). In 1957, the Ministry of Health took over the Tata Memorial Hospital, and in 1962, administrative control was transferred to the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). In 1966, TMH merged with CRI to form the Tata Memorial Centre, with a mandate for service, education, and research in cancer.
TMC has since expanded its outreach across India, establishing nodal centres following the 'hub and spoke' model. These centres include the Dr. Bhubaneswar Borooah Cancer Institute in Guwahati, Assam, the Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, and the Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya Cancer Centre in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. TMC focuses on evidence-based cancer management and multidisciplinary team (MDT) management, ensuring that all patients have access to the same set of doctors and infrastructure, regardless of their payment category.
In addition to cancer treatment, TMC prioritises cancer prevention, screening, and early detection. They have conducted large randomized controlled trials to assess the efficacy of low-cost technologies for the early detection of breast and cervical cancers in women. These trials have led to the development of evidence-based guidelines that have strengthened national cancer control policies in India and have been adopted by other low and middle-income countries. TMC also emphasises education and training in the field of cancer, with over 250 students, medical professionals, scientists, and technicians undergoing training at the hospital.
The centre has also established a state-of-the-art research and development centre in Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, called the Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer. This centre focuses on research into cancers relevant to India and South Asia. TMC is recognised as a leading training centre for cancer education and research by organisations such as WHO, IAEA, and UICC.
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Tata Memorial Centre's patient care
The Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) is an autonomous grant-in-aid institution administered under the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. The TMC umbrella includes at least 10 cancer institutes across India, with the largest and most central hub being the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH) in Parel, Mumbai. TMH is India's oldest and largest cancer institute.
TMH was initially commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust on 28 February 1941, following the death of Dorabji's wife, Meherbai, due to leukaemia. The centre is dedicated to the advancement of learning and research, disaster relief, and other philanthropic activities. In 1952, the Indian Cancer Research Centre was established as a research institute for basic cancer research and was later called the Cancer Research Institute (CRI). In 1957, the Ministry of Health took over the Tata Memorial Hospital, and in 1962, administrative control of both TMH and CRI was transferred to the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). These two arms merged to form the Tata Memorial Centre in 1966, with a mandate for service, education, and research in cancer.
TMC is a comprehensive centre for cancer research and treatment, with a particular focus on patient care. The centre has continued to provide cancer management even during the Covid lockdown period, successfully operating on almost 500 cancer patients. TMC offers a range of facilities, including robotic surgery, proton therapy, 24-hour chemotherapy units, advanced diagnostic modalities, interventional and minimally invasive treatment techniques, bone marrow transplants, and CAR-T cell therapy. Additionally, they provide tele-consultation and second opinion services for patients.
TMC prioritises Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) management through disease-specific groups to ensure quality patient care. Patients have the option to choose between different payment classes, with approximately 60% of patients receiving free or highly subsidised treatments. TMC has also conducted large randomised controlled trials focusing on the efficacy of low-cost and effective technologies for the early detection of breast and cervical cancers in women. These trials have led to the development of evidence-based guidelines that have strengthened national cancer control policies in India and have been adopted by other low and middle-income countries.
The Tata Memorial Centre is recognised as a training centre for cancer education and research by national and international organisations such as WHO, IAEA, and UICC. It has also expanded its outreach across India, establishing nodal centres following the 'hub and spoke' model, registering about 120,000 new cancer patients each year.
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Frequently asked questions
There is only one Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH) in India, located in Parel, Mumbai. It is India's oldest and largest cancer institute. However, the Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) umbrella includes at least 10 cancer institutes across India, including the TMH.
The Tata Memorial Centre is a comprehensive centre for the prevention and treatment of cancer and for research. It was formed in 1966 when the Tata Memorial Hospital was merged with the Indian Cancer Research Institute. It is a government-aided institution administered under the Department of Atomic Energy.
The Tata Memorial Hospital was commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust in 1941 after the death of Dorabji's wife, Meherbai, due to leukemia. The hospital was placed under the control of the Indian government's Ministry of Health in 1957 and transferred to the Department of Atomic Energy in 1962.
